《Let's Learn Korean [Compilation]》LEVEL 1• LESSON 9- Topic & Subject marking particles (PART I)

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In this lesson, you are going to learn about the topic marking particles and the subject mark- ing particles in Korean. Most languages don't have subject marking particles or topic marking particles in their sentences, so the concept might be very new, but once you get used to them, knowing how to use these particles will come very much in handy.

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[eun] / [neun]

The main role of topic marking particles is letting the other people know what you are talking about or going to talk about, and topic marking particles are attached after nouns.

Words ending with a last

consonant + -

Words ending with a vowel + -

:

가방 [ga-bang] + [eun] 나 [na] + 는 [neun]

The topic of the sentence, marked by [eun] or [neun] is usually (but not always) the same as the subject of the sentence.

[jeo] = I

저 + [neun] = 저는[jeo-neun] = as for me / (I am talking) me

학생이에요. [ jeo-neun hak-saeng-i-e-yo] = As for me, I am a student. / I am a student.

Here, the word (I) is both the topic of the sentence (talking about "I" here) and the subject of the sentence ("I" is the subject, and "am" is the verb.")

But the uniqueness of the Korean language can be found in the following sample sentence.

내일 저 일해요. [nae-il- jeo- il-hae-yo]

= "As for tomorrow, I work."

Here, 내일 [nae-il], tomorrow, is followed by 은 [eun], is a topic, but not the subject of the verb 일하다 [il-ha-da], "to work" because it is not "tomorrow" that works but "I" that work.

[i] / [ga]

The role of subject marking particles is relatively simple compared to that of role of topic marking particles.

Words ending with a

last consonant + -이

Words ending with a vowel + -가

:

가방 [ga-bang] + [i] 학교 [hak-gyo] + [ga]

So, basically, topic marking particles (은/는) express what the of the sentence is, and subject marking particles (이/가) show what the of the sentence is, but that's not everything.

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