There is a conspiracy primarily started by Sigmund Freud with his book, Moses and Monotheism, that states that the Israelite Moses was actually the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten who ruled ~1353 BC to 1336 BC as part of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. People such as Freud will point out how the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt was actually the Exodus of Akhenaten from Egypt. The story of Moses in Egypt is said to be a cover for the followers of Akhenaten.

In addition, many of the other Biblical patriarchs such as Abraham are also said to be Egyptian pharaohs as well. It is well accepted by most Biblical scholars that the Israelite history is closely meshed with Egyptian history, but what is not well accepted is that much of the history of Egypt, especially around the time of Akhenaten, is actually the history of the Israelites.